Lighting the Way: parents' and bystanders' stories

Parents' Stories

Harassment, from a Parent's View by a Mom
-- "[S]he would come home in tears....I told her to ignore it.... Finally in eighth grade, I had heard enough...."
N.B. The daughter of the Mom above has contributed her own account of her experiences, Sarah's Story, to Raven Days' Words Out of Shadow.

Lisa Blackwell's Story by Lisa Blackwell
-- "I have gone through all the proper channels to correct the problem, but... my son has only suffered more torment each time I have attempted to intervene...."

Sharon Wilson's Story by Sharon Wilson
-- "Frank was attacked from behind one day, pushed down then before he could get up his attacker kicked him in the face. His nose was broken...."

I can't contribute to this section myself, as I have no children. But if you've had similar experiences, and you'd like to let other parents know they aren't alone, please consider posting your story on the Web. Contact dixonm@pobox.com to send me your story (or a link to your story).

Witnesses' Stories

Anna's Story by Anna -- "What hurts most is watching them go at others. It's not so much that they outright say it. It's not as bad as these others schools. But sitting by yourself is painful...."

If you're a bystander who cares about the kids who are being bullied in your school, and you'd like to let others know what's going on there, please consider posting your story on the Web. Contact dixonm@pobox.com to send me your story (or a link to your story).

For stories from people who are or were outsiders in school themselves, see Raven Days' Words Out of Shadow.

Beacons

JaredStory.com -- A site where parents can post memorials for children who've committed suicide after being bullied.

A Student's Take on Bullying -- Letter to the editor of the Glen Cove Record-Pilot, written by seventh-grader Sofia Christopoulos in response to an incident in which a student was knocked unconscious by other students on a school bus.

When They Were Bad -- "Finally, e-mails in hand, I asked again, 'Are the girls mad at you?' She stared at me with old, sad eyes and said, 'Yes.'...." -- Article by Carolyn Magner for Salon.

Bullied Girl's Mother Backs Change -- Article about the mother of a 15-year-old who attempted suicide after being bullied. Web-published by the BBC.

"Bullied" Junior High School Student Gets Approval to Switch Schools -- A family moved, and the daughter was bullied at her new school. As a temporary measure, her mother is allowing her to stay with friends in her old school district, and the family is planning to move back into the old district as soon as they can. Article web-published by the Truro Daily News.

Parents "Ignored" by Schools -- Article web-published by the BBC..

When the Bullies Won -- Stephen Connors' 13-year-old daughter Vicky was sexually assaulted by a friend's father during a sleepover. When she testified to police, she mentioned her concern that the friend's older sister led a large group of students at school. She was promised that nothing bad would happen. Vicky was regularly beaten up for the rest of the school year. When it began again the next year, after a particularly bad beating, her parents enrolled her in private school. Article web-published by the Guardian.

When Lunch Hour Turns Into "Lord of the Flies" -- "Which is when my son spoke up. 'I was bullied in middle school,' he said. As a sensitive, well-informed parent, always involved in the lives of my children, I reacted as expected. 'You were?' I said...." Article by C.W. Nevius for the San Francisco Chronicle.

Kate Miller-Heidke's [sic] Sings "Caught in the Crowd" about Bullying -- Article web-published by the Herald-Sun.

Whatever Schools Say, Bullying Still Flourishes, by Juliette Hughes for the Age. -- "Time after time, as student and teacher, I had seen kids punished when they tried to defend themselves after repeated abuse that was committed with impunity...."

Elk River Hazing Sparks Memory for Essayist -- Article by Peter Smith, a bystander, for MPR.

Bullied Victim is Successful -- Article by Bob Bestler, a former bully, for the Sun-News, about the brilliant later career of a boy he once bullied.

To This Day, I Do Not Know Why Bullies Targeted My Brother -- "I remember feeling angry. I remember feeling helpless. I remember feeling sorry for my brother...." Column by bystander Jennifer Carboni for the Daily Local News

Mum's Fury at Bash Video -- "They told me he did not fit in with the school's culture." Article by Jennifer Eliot for the Cairns Post.

Bullying Prompts Parent to Home-School -- "Usually it's fights that are never broken up. Teachers just stand there and watch." Article by Jessica Floyd for WRDW.

Bullying Prompts Concerned Mom to Pull Her Son Out of Middle School -- "The next thing he knew he was jumped on and being kicked and he curled up in a ball." Article by Molly Blancett for KVAL.

Bremen Family Says Kids are Victims of Racism in School -- "We had one boy put a fork up to my daughter's neck while another boy held her...." Article by Sarah Platt for WNDU.

Mum to Sell Home Over Bully Terror -- "She claimed their home had also been targeted, leaving her with no option but to remove him from the school, sell up and move away...." Article by Gemma Fraser for the Scotsman.

Mum Complains of Bullying.... -- "'Children walk the corridors disrupting lessons and throwing items into classrooms.'..." Article by Christine Sexton for the Echo.

Jaheem Herrera's Suicide .... -- An interview with the mother of bullying victim Jaheem Herrera, who was 11 when he killed himself in April, 2009. Article by Chandra R. Thomas for Juvenile Justice.

Truant's Father to Appear in Court -- A father is being prosecuted for failing to send his bullied 16-year-old son to school. His son had been repeatedly targetted by a gang of bullies at the school. Article web-published by the BBC.

Mother Fined For Boy's Truancy -- A mother has been fined 200 pounds for failing to send her bullied 15-year-old son to school. Article web-published by the BBC.

Bullying Incident, School's Reaction Distress Parent -- A boy was pushed into a filing cabinet and punched in the stomach. Article by Misty Maynard for the Ledger Independent.

Teachers Blamed for Bullying Culture at Xavier College -- "The final straw came after George broke his wrist after he was allegedly pushed over by another student...." Article by Aaron Langmaid for the Herald Sun.

Parents Concerned About Teen Bullying -- "My daughter can't go to school without being jumped on and I've taken the proper channels and nothing has been done yet...." Article by Lindsey Brown for WTOK.

Student a "Hermit" After Bullying -- "She was traumatised to the extent she was a hermit last year." Article by Saffron Howden for the Northern Star.

Bullying in Schools -- "They call her Venus and Mars and fat girl and they just keep on. And I'm just tired of it." Article by Philip Townsend for WHSV.

Family Says Special Needs Student Bullied in Pecos School -- "'(They) pulled him into the boys' locker room, shut the lights off on him, pull his hood over, they broke his glasses and just taunted him.'" Article web-published by KOAT.

Mother's Advert to Shame Bullies -- A mother has taken out an anti-bullying ad in a local paper in memory of her son, who committed suicide in 1989 after being bullied. Article web-published by the BBC.

Suicidal Boy's Mother Calls for End to School Bullying -- Her 13-year-old son has twice tried to kill himself after being bullied at school. Article by Stephen Drill for the Sunday Herald Sun.

Bullies Drove Daughter to the Brink of Suicide -- ""In the end children were throwing things at her, abusing her and saying threatening things to her, threatening to hit her." Article by Debbie Leigh for the Yorkshire Evening Post.

Mother Fights Bullying with Sign in Her Yard -- After her son was beaten up at school, Kim Thomas posted two large signs in her yard reproaching school administrators for failing to do their duty. Article web-published by the Tribune-Democrat.

Driven to Death -- By Bullies -- "Unless you've ever found your child dead there's no way you'd understand what it's like...." Article by David Lowe for the Sun.

Anti-Ginger Bullies Forced Our Daughter Out of School -- "'I had a note that said, "You are still a ginger ... All gingers should die",' says Nicole...." Article by Angela Levin for the Daily Mail. See also Schoolgirl Withdrawn from School Over Ginger Bullying, web-published by the Telegraph, and Girl Dyed Hair Over School Bullying, web-published by the Shropshire Star.

Bullies Make Boy's Life Hell -- "Scott had buckled after five months of hell where he had regularly had his pants pulled to his ankles in front of classmates...." Article by Roger Dickson for the Cairns Post.

Cruel School Bullies Made My Boy Go Blind.... -- "He was kicked and had things thrown at him all the time...." Article by Donna Watson for the Daily Record.

My Son Is Not Safe at School -- "She says Joshua was kicked so hard in the groin that he 'couldn't walk for five days.'..." Article by Adam Darbyshire for the Tamesside Advertiser.

This Boy Can't Go to School Because of School Bullies -- "Ms Detlefsen alleges he has been beaten up, threatened, victimised and bullied since day one...." Article by Kallee Buchanan for NewsMail.

Victim Hurt Twice When School Enables a Bully -- "The bully and my son had never met before, and the school bus they were riding was filled with the bully's supporters. This was 'his bus....' Article by Bobby Holley for the Atlanta Journal-Constitution.

Culture of Bullying Grips Jakarta School -- Senior students beat up younger ones who failed to raise enough money in a fund-raising drive. Article web-published by the Jakarta Post.

"Gang Mentality" Bullying Claim.... -- "It's the little kick under the desk, it's the 'You do realise everyone hates you, don't you?'...." Article by Katie Chapman and Emily Watt for Stuff.

Bullying Issues Addressed at Norman Schools -- "She watches her back for him all the time...." Article by Meghan McCormick for the Norman Transcript.

Bullying in the Stateline.... -- "She said, 'The kid just stabbed her with a pencil.'" Article by Lauren Kravets for WIFR.

Disabled Teen "Whipping Girl" of Bullies -- "She was kicked, pushed over, they mimicked how she walked and talked...." Article by John Lewis for the Otago Daily Times.

Boy With Cerebral Palsy.... -- "Wilson said the kids trip her son, pin him down and pour dog food in his mouth and kick him between the legs...." Article by Jane Slater for KMGH.

Dad Who Bullied Bullies Offered Lesson to Us All -- A father confronted his disabled daughter's bullies on a school bus. Column by Scott Maxwell for the Orlando Sentinel. See also Daughter of Man Who Boarded Seminole County School Bus Released from Hospital, by Jeff Weiner for the Orlando Sentinel,, James Jones: Sanford Dad Who Flipped Out on School Bus Regrets He Bullied Kids, by Walter Pacheco for the Orlando Sentinel, and Sanford Girl Hospitalized After Reported Bullying on School Bus, by Walter Pacheco for the Orlando Sentinel, Angry School Bus Dad "Woke America Up" to Bullying, a blog post by Paula Bernstein on StrollerDerby and School Bus Bully James Jones Named One of "People of the Year by NBC News, by Ryan Gray for School Transportation News.

Natasha Hayley Threatened Son's Bullies with Baseball Bat .... -- The mother of a bullied 11-year-old confronted her son's bullies on a school bus. Article by Anna Edwards for the Daily Mail.

Mother Banned from Son's School Bus.... -- The mother of a bullied 10-year-old confronted her son's bullies on a school bus. Article by Maggie Flecknoe for KIAH, web-published by KMVU.

Mom Charged After School Bus Bullying of Deaf Son -- Christa Green was charged with 13 counts of assault and, oddly enough, one of burglary, for boarding a school bus to scold two boys who had been bullying her son Travis. She did not touch any of the children on the bus. Article web-published by the Houston Chronicle.

Bullied Out of Class -- Article about the bullying of an autistic boy. "He's been the target of violence. He's been tricked. He's been taunted. And he's been humiliated. All for laughs...." Article by Michael Moore for the Missoulian> See also Parents Tell Hellgate Board Bullying of Special Needs Students Must Stop, by Michael Moore for the Missoulian, and More Could Have Been Done for Special Needs Student, a letter to the editor by Mike Jakupcak for the Missoulian, and Hellgate Middle School to Contract with Non-Profit Group..., by Michael Moore for the Missoulian, and Family Living Apart After Son with Autism Was Bullied..., by Michael Moore for the Missoulian.

Bullied Schoolgirl's Family to Leave Donegal -- "[O]ne bully grabbed her school bag, from behind, and started viciously punching her in her sides and back...." Article by the Derry Journal.

Elliott's School Ignored Bullying -- "'The boy then grabbed him in a headlock dragged him about three metres and shoved him into a steel fence,of which he was knocked unconscious,' the father said...." Article by Courtney Trenwith for the Brisbane Times.

OCSD 5 Denies Bullying Claims -- "'He had his lip split in the classroom last Tuesday,' she said....'" Article by Dale Linder-Altman for the Times and Democrat.

Mom Says She'll Risk Going to Jail to Protect her Daughter From Alleged Bullies, by Emily Friedman for ABC. See also Bullying or Jail? Mom Picks the Pokey, a blog post by John Cave Osborne on StrollerDerby.

Hockley Mum Pulls Daughter Out of School.... -- Article web-published by the Birmingham Mail.

Mother Pulls Bullied Son out of School -- "'"In this last incident my son got punched in the neck and he couldn't breath and while he was down on the ground trying to catch his breath another student slammed him over the head with a textbook....'" Article by Mindy Aguon for KUAM.

Mesa Father Claims School Didn't Address Bullying of Diabetic Son -- "'My son was protecting himself,' the father said. 'This is wrong? It's not mutual fighting if you're attacked....'" Article by Ray Parker for the Arizona Republic.

Greenland Mom Pulls Daughter from School After Alleged Bullying -- Article by Jennifer Feals for Seacoast Online.

More Complaints about Bullying at Tamworth School -- "Mrs Penfold said her son would return home from school countless times with torn clothing...." Article by Haley Sheridan for the Northern Daily Leader.

Bullying Incidents Left Lasting Scars on Woodland Student -- "'We've taught him that you don't have to like people to respect them, but that hasn't happened to him,' Olston said." Article by Jana Hollingsworth for the Duluth News Tribune.

A Question of Respect -- 15 parents in Canberra are thinking of launching a class action suit against the local school system because their children have been bullied. Article by Megan Doherty for the Canberra Times. See also Law Society Offers to Mediate..., by Megan Doherty and Louis Andrews for the Canberra Times, and Parents Threaten Action on Bullying, by Louis Andrews for the Canberra Times.

School Official Says District Looking at Bullying Allegations -- Angry parents on Sanibel Island confronted their children's school board about recurrent bullying. Article by McKenzie Cassidy for the Cape Coral Daily Breeze. See also Bullying Complaints Have School Leaders Under Fire, web-published by WZVN.

Attorney: Parents Didn't Feel They were Being Heard -- A lawyer has found that a sharp letter on legal stationery to school officials works wonders. Article by Lauren Melvin for WFMY.

School System Has Anti-Bullying Policy -- Parents called police after a bully threatened to beat up their daughter, and the police responded! Column by Dr. Wallace for the Post-Tribune.

Family Calls on School to Intervene Against Bullying -- Article by Stacey Delikat for KTVK.

Bullying Has Long-Term Effect -- "She was shoved, kicked and elbowed in the stomach and back numerous times and she had food thrown on her...." Article by Patty Miller for the Edmond Sun.

IPS Parent Protests School's Treatment of Alleged Bullying -- A mother stood outside her child's school with a protest sign after school officials refused to act when her child was repeatedly taunted by a bully. Article by Deanna Dewberry for WISH.

Parents Claim Daughter Victim of Bully Abuse at School -- "'Jabbed in the neck with pencil,' said father Steve Nelson. 'Punched in the nose.'" Article web-published by NewsChannel 5.

Woman Says Son was Bullied at School -- "Monday, another boy punched Janell's son -- he didn't want to be videotaped, but you can see the mark inside the white of his eye...." Article web-published by WMAR.

Bullied Boy Too Scared to Attend School -- "I just want it to be sorted out and finished. I want him to be able to go to school without being picked on and attacked...." Article by Clio Francis for Stuff.

Changing Schools Can Stop Bullying, Family Says -- "Sometimes a parent may need to make a drastic change for their child when you know their spirit is broken...." Article by Kim Hone-McMahan for the Beacon-Journal.

Father Says Complaints Revive Bullying Probe.... -- "'Briona told teachers she was slammed into a locker, and kids were slamming her hands into a locker,' Sounia said." Article by Cory Francer for the Union Leader.

Mom Claims School Ignored Bullying Warnings -- "Aguero pointed to a gash on her neck and said she has bumps and bruises on her head from the brawl...." Article web-published by KOAT.

New! Grim Bullying Tale from Middle School -- "[her son] was verbally assaulted, punched, kneed in the stomach and finally stripped of his clothes and photographed by four older students...." Article by Marilyn M. Aciego for the Courthouse News Service.

Daughter was Victim of Bullying.... -- Article by Etta Walsh for the Daily Hampshire Gazette.

A Renewed Battle Against Bullying -- "'These bullying episodes are occurring on a daily basis, throughout the day, and are severely impacting her ability to function.'" Article by Suzanne Perez Tobias for the Wichita Eagle.

Incident Divides District, Family -- "Because of the bullying, Lauren was put on a delayed bell...." Article by Andrea Gillhoolley for the Lebanon Daily News.

Mother Files Report Alleging Son was Bullied, Threatened -- "The victim's mother ... said her son was terrorized by a male classmate over a period of several days in the gym at school...." Article by Jennie Runevitch for WTHR.

Student's [sic] Mom Asks Lake Central School Board.... -- The mother of two bullied sons has asked their school board to keep them safe at school. Article by Cristin Nance Lazerus for the Post-Tribune.

Parents Accuse School of Covering Up Bullying Attack -- "'It bugs me that these kids are still in school, that my son faces his attackers every day,...' Article web-published by KPRC.

Parents of Bullied Kids Demand Action from Schools -- "'This school said they would protect my son,' commented Smith. 'They have not protected my son one bit.'" Article by Melissa Garcia for WOAI.

East Aurora Mother: District Failed My Bullied Son -- A special-needs student had his pants pulled down in gym class. Article by Erika Wurst for the Beacon News. See also Boy's Family Still Angry Over Bullying Incident, also by Erika Wurst for the Beacon News.

Mum Rallies Community to End School Bullies' "Terrorism" -- A mother organized a parents' meeting to deal with bullying at her son's school. Article web-published by the NZ Herald.

Mam's Action Call After Bus Stop Incident -- A mother walked her bullied daughter to the bus stop, only to be set upon by the same pack of bullies who had been beating up her daughter. Article by Jonathan Edwards for the Pontypridd Observer.

School Failed to Stop Bullies -- "The bullies are still at the school while my child had to leave for her own safety...." Letter to the editor of the Border Mail.

N.S. Father of Beaten Student... web-published by the Amherst Daily News.

Angry Parent Protests Against Bullying.... -- The father of bullied students is picketting his children's school. Article by Jennifer Samp for KOSA.

Salisbury East Girl Too Scared to Go to School -- "I don't know if my daughter is going to come home with a broken arm, a split lip, anything...." Article by Maria Moscaritolo for the Advertiser.

Mom: School Protects Bully, Forces Daughter To Move -- "'Ashley was given a hall pass to leave class at any time she feels uncomfortable. The bully gets to stay.'" Article by Theresa Marchetta for KMGH.

Bullying Still a Problem at South Hadley High -- "'If she's not cookie cut she doesn't fit. She's not their stereotype kid,' said Kalvenik...." Article web-published by WHDH. See also Despite Phoebe Prince's Death, Bullying Still Continues, by Cathy Hayes for IrishCentral.

Home Schooled Due to Bullies -- "The abuse ... escalated to him being grabbed around the throat and choked, beaten with a mallet in manual arts, punched in the genitals and hit with a rock...." Article by Ryan Heffernan for the Courier Mail.

Mother Pulls Daughter, 11, Out of St. John School Over Bullying -- "When she comes home she cries all the time. She has nightmares...." Article web-published by the CBC.

Nine Chaney Parents to Help with Discipline Issues -- "Other kids knock his books out of his arms as he's walking down the hall, she said...." Article by Denise Dick for the Vindicator.

Cleveland Mom Speaks Out on Bullying.... -- Article by Matt Barbour for WRCB.

"'Forced' from School by Bullies -- "She was beaten up, tormented and on one occasion had her hair cut and glue sprayed on her while she sat in class...."> Article by Joe Kent for the BBC.

Bullying Stops Son From Going To School, Says Mom -- "'I tell the teachers. They say they'll do stuff, but they never do,' says Forrest." Article by Elizabeth Jia for WUSA.

Bully Incident Reported at Hamlin Middle School -- "He also claims one of the kids even threw a football at his son's head...nearly causing him to pass out...." -- Article by Melissa Schroeder for KZTV.

Ellenville School Board: Parent Wants Bullying to End -- "'From bullying to bullets, that's all it takes,' Stewart said later. 'My son is Columbine waiting to happen.'" Article by Jane Anderson for the Shawangunk Journal.

Mom: Lunch System Causing Bullying -- The mother of a schoolmate of suicide victim Phoebe Prince has pulled her out of school because she too is being bullied. Article by Jackie Bruno for WWLP. See also Girl with Asperger's Bullied at Phoebe Prince's School, by Carolyn Castiglia for Babble, Phoebe Prince Friend ..., by Fred Contrada for the Republican, and New Bullying Allegations in S. Hadley, by Anthony Fay and John Yang for WWLP.

Islamophobic Bullying in Our Schools -- A student of Middle Eastern descent was repeatedly teased about "being a terrorist" on a school field trip to Washington, D.C.. Article by Engy Abdelkalder for the Huffington Post.

Bullying Article Sets Off Storm of Reaction -- "One parent said she was flabbergasted when staff at her child's school said her child was bullied because he "didn't react correctly, which made him an easy target...." Article by Tracy Kibble for York Region.

Lyneham Students Removed Out of Fear -- "The ACT school system has been dogged by prearranged playground violence appearing on video-sharing sites such as YouTube...." Article by Noel Towell and Sarina Talip for the Canberra Times.

Ham Lake Parents Who Lost Son Speak Out Against Bullying -- Their 12-year-old son, Tom Trosvik, hanged himself after being "mercilessly teased." Article by Heron Marquez Estrada for the Star Tribune.

Trooper Relates Daughter's Bullying Ordeal -- Article by Sam Galski for the Times-Tribune.

More Middle School Bullying -- "'They pushed him into the locker, and he had a gash on the back of his head,' said grandmother Susan Ayers." Article by Carly Swain for WCTI.

Mother: Sacramento High School Needs to Punish Bullies -- "'[T]hey treat the student, the victim, like it was their fault....'" Article by Kristen Drew for KXTV.

Mother of Bullying Victim Criticizes Oak Park Middle School -- "'My daughter's been complaining since the first day of school this year that there's bullying and punching and hitting and tripping every single day, and they do nothing about it." Article by Megan Dooley for the Wednesday Journal.

Tough Questions About Bullying for APS Superintendent -- A mother is letting her bullied daughter stay home from school. Article by Tony McNary for WGCL.

Parents Speaking Out Against School Bullying -- Article by Janjeera Hall for KUAM.

Parents March on Thomas Jefferson Middle School.... -- "'She has marks,' Travis said, indicating her upper arm, 'where they stabbed her with pencils.'" Article by Valerie Wells for the Herald-Review.

Iowa Parents Want Pencil Bully Punished -- A bully stabbed several students with pencils. Article web-published by KETV.

Mother Says School Not Doing Enough About Son's Bully -- "I just want my child to be safe. That's all," Richard said. "I'm scared for my child." Article by Katie Harden for WWAY.

Boy Bruised by College Bullies -- "'You have got to put up with dozens of hidings before you get one that is bad enough for them (the school) to get off their arse and do something about it,' he said." Article by Kimberly Crayton-Brown for the Southland Times, web-published by Stuff.

Mom: School Not Doing Enough to Curb Bullies --"'"Everybody says they're doing something about it and they're not. It just keeps getting worse,' said Fry." Article web-published by WRTV.

Family Says Bully Behind Son's Assault Back in Class -- "'"He had blood running down his neck and his ears and forehead -- it was pretty nasty,' says Heather Morrall." Article by Sarah Sell and Matt Campbell for WZZM.

Bullying on Guam, Part 1 -- "'He's been picked on, he's had his school books knocked out of his arms, he's been hit,' said Hanson of her son's ordeal." Article by Joan Aguon Charfauros for KUAM. See also Residents Demand End to School Bullying, by Michele Catahay for Kuam.

Snoqualmie Valley Student is Bullied After Speaking Out Against It -- Article by Sebastian Moraga for the SnoValley Star.

Getting Tough on School Bullies -- "'If the kids are going to act like American gangsters, maybe they should be treated like gangsters,' she said." Article by Hannah Silverman for the Advertiser.

Bullying Alleged at Forest Hill High School --"'I was tempted to take her out of there today because nothing's being done. It's like I'm being laughed at, she's being laughed at,' said Johnson." Article by Cheryl Lasseter for WLBT

Parents Say Schools Blame Victim, Avoid Bully -- Article by Theresa Marchetta for KMGH.

Boyertown Parents Voice Concerns Over Bullying -- Article by David Chang for NBC10.

Parents Upset Over Bullying Take Out Newspaper Ad -- Article web-published by WBNS.

All original material on the Raven Days website, except the material appearing in the sections Words Out of Shadow and Lighting the Way, © 1999-2012 by its creator and maintainer, Meredith Minter Dixon.. Copyright to the articles in the sectionsWords Out of Shadow and Lighting the Way is retained by their authors. Counter: 15192